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机体对运动的不适应不仅可能导致铁的丢失,还可能导致铁转运障碍,铁在储铁组织(肝脏、肌肉)蓄积过多,而在耗铁组织(骨髓)又相对缺乏。这种贫富悬殊的铁分布可能是运动性贫血的发病机理之一。长期运动训练后,如果机体产生运动适应,上调转铁蛋白及其受体的表达或增强非Tf结合铁的转运,那么就会克服铁的紊乱分布,将富铁组织的铁转运到贫铁的骨髓,有利于运动性贫血发生后血红蛋白与红细胞比容的恢复,这可能是运动性贫血呈现一过性、长期运动训练后机体出现低铁而不贫血状态的原因所在。
Inconsistent movement of the body can not only lead to the loss of iron, but also lead to obstacles in the transport of iron, excessive accumulation of iron in the iron storage (liver, muscle), and relative lack of iron-consuming tissue (bone marrow). This disparity between rich and poor iron distribution may be one of the pathogenesis of exercise-induced anemia. After long-term exercise training, if the body produces motor adaptations, upregulates the expression of transferrin and its receptor, or enhances the transport of non-Tf bound iron, the iron dislocation distribution is overcome and the iron in the iron-rich tissue is transported to the iron-depleted Bone marrow is conducive to the recovery of hemoglobin and hematocrit after exercise anemia. This may be the reason that exercise-induced anemia shows a transient nature. After long-term exercise training, the body presents with low iron without anemia.