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“元语”(meta-language)是指“用来指称或描述语言的语言”。一个词语如果以引述的形式出现,引述的用意不在传递命题内容,而在表明说话人对所引述的话语的态度,它就是典型的元语。虚词的元语用法是虚词进一步虚化的表现。弄明白虚词的元语用法不仅能说明许多“词义虚化”和“词汇化”的现象,也有利在对外汉语教学中向学生解惑释疑。否定副词“不”的元语用法就是在引述一个说法的同时对这个说法表示否定的态度。程度副词“好”的元语用法就是在引述和加强一个说法的同时对这个说法表示反讽的态度,弄明白“好”的元语用法才能说明双音副词“好不”是如何形成的。增量副词“还”的元语用法就是在引述一个说法的同时表明这个说法所提供的信息量不足,带“还”的说法才提供足量的信息。连词的元语用法是连接一些说法,而不是连接陈述的命题,同时说话人也可以对连接的说法表达某种态度或传递这些说法的言外之意。本文说明“因为”、“如果……就……”、“虽然……但是……”、“不但……而且……”、“与其……不如……”等连词的元语用法。最后还说明“不过”一词由副词演变为连词也是源自副词“不过”的元语用法。
“Meta-language” means “language used to refer to or describe a language ”. If a word appears in quotation form, the quoted intention is not to convey the propositional content, but it is a typical metaphor when it comes to indicating the speaker’s attitude towards the quoted language. The usage of the meta-words of function words is the manifestation of further virtualization of function words. To understand the usage of the meta-words of function words can not only explain many phenomena of “lexicalization” and “lexicalization”, but also help to explain doubts and doubts to students in teaching Chinese as a foreign language. The metaphysical usage of negative adverbs “no ” is to express a negative attitude to this statement while quoting a statement. The adverb of degree “” is the metaphorical usage of quoting and reinforcing an argument while expressing an ironic attitude towards this argument and figuring out the metaphorical usage of “good” to illustrate that the two-syllable adverb “is good ” is How to form. The adverbial usage of incremental adverbs “also ” provides a sufficient amount of information by citing an argument while indicating that the amount of information provided by this argument is inadequate and that “” is also used. The usage of the conjunction of metacharacters is to connect some sayings, not the propositions that connect the statements, while the speaker can also express an attitude or convey the implication of these statements about the connection. This article shows that “”, “if ... is ...”, “though ... but ...”, “not only ... but ...”, “is not as good as ...” “And other conjunctions meta-language usage. Finally, it is also shown that the expression ”but“ changes from an adverb into a conjunctions and is also derived from the usage of metacons in adverbs ”but ".