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目的通过解辖区内居民卫生知识需求及健康传播期望形式,为下一步开展健康教育工作提供数据支撑和理论依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法对上海市金山区1个街道、9个镇、1个工业区的社区居民、企事业单位职工、学生、患者或家属4类人群共2 035人进行问卷调查。结果金山区居民最希望获得的卫生知识前3位为传染病[59.2%(1 114/1 881)]、慢性病[57.7%(1 085/1 881)]、意外伤害[44.6%(839/1 881)],最后一位为遗传病[28.1%(529/1 881)]。居民对健康传播期望形式顺位为影视[64.5%(1 214/1 881)]、报刊或书籍[46.4%(872/1 881)]、讲座[45.8%(862/1 881)]、折页[36.4%(684/1 881)]、传单[35.8%(673/1 881)]、广播[34.9%(656/1 881)]、咨询活动[32.7%(616/1 881)]、墙报[30.6%(575/1 881)]、文艺演出[21.9%(412/1 881)]。不同特征人群对卫生知识的需求及健康传播期望形式有所不同。结论该区在今后的健康教育工作中,应继续发挥大众媒体的作用、把握重点全面地传播健康知识,无论是形式或内容,应根据对象的特征不同而有所侧重。
Objective To provide data support and theoretical basis for the next step in the development of health education by solving the needs of residents’ health knowledge and health communication expectations in the jurisdiction. Methods A total of 2 035 people from 4 communities, including residents, students, patients, or family members in 1 street, 9 towns, 1 industrial zone, and enterprises in Jinshan District of Shanghai, were investigated by using a cluster random sampling method. As a result, the top 3 health knowledge residents in Jinshan District hoped to acquire were infectious diseases [59.2% (1 114/1 881)], chronic diseases [57.7% (1 085/1 881)], and accidental injuries [44.6% (839/1). 881)], The last one is genetic disease [28.1% (529/1 881)]. Residents’ expectations for health communication are film and television [64.5% (1 214/1 881)], newspapers or books [46.4% (872/1 881)], lectures [45.8% (862/1 881)], folding [36.4% (684/1 881)], leaflets [35.8% (673/1 881)], broadcasting [34.9% (656/1 881)], consulting activities [32.7% (616/1 881)], posters [ 30.6% (575/1 881)], theatrical performance [21.9% (412/1 881)]. The characteristics of people with different characteristics have different health knowledge needs and health promotion expectations. Conclusion In the future health education work in this area, we should continue to play the role of the mass media, grasp the key points, and spread health knowledge comprehensively. Regardless of the form or content, we must focus on the characteristics of the object.