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将具有优异阻尼减振性能的纯天然苎麻纤维布与力学性能较好的碳纤维布混杂铺层,利用VRAM(真空吸注成型)工艺制备了环氧树脂基结构阻尼复合材料.首先考察了复合材料的力学性能,包括动态力学性能、静态力学性能和冲击断裂韧性;其次通过共振频率和阻尼因子评价了复合材料的阻尼减振性能.结果表明,通过苎麻纤维布/碳纤维布的混杂铺层能够平衡力学性能和阻尼性能之间的矛盾,可根据实际应用需求实现材料阻尼性能和力学性能的可控调节,充分发挥复合材料可设计性强的优势.其中“RCRCR”型铺层复合材料的损耗因子达到0.0057,比纯碳纤维布复合材料的0.0018提高了2.2倍,而拉伸强度和拉伸模量分别达到381.6 MPa和21.5 GPa,比纯苎麻纤维板提高了4.6倍和97.2%.最后,对混杂铺层复合材料的结构进行分析并针对阻尼性能进行有限元模拟,探讨了不同铺层方式影响复合材料力学性能和阻尼性能的规律,并对其他混杂铺层的复合材料的共振频率和损耗因子进行预测,为结构阻尼材料的设计提供一定的参考依据.
The natural ramie fiber cloth with excellent damping and vibration damping performance was mixed with the carbon fiber cloth with better mechanical properties to fabricate the epoxy resin-based damping composite material by using VRAM (vacuum injection molding) process.Firstly, The mechanical properties including dynamic mechanical properties, static mechanical properties and impact fracture toughness of the composites were evaluated by the resonance frequency and the damping factor.The results show that the mixed damping layer can be balanced by the ramie / carbon fiber cloth Mechanical properties and damping properties of the contradiction between the actual application requirements can be achieved material damping properties and mechanical properties of the controllable adjustment, give full play to the advantages of composite materials can be designed. “RCRCR” type laminated composite The loss factor reached 0.0057, which was 2.2 times higher than that of pure carbon fiber cloth composite with 0.0018, while the tensile strength and tensile modulus reached 381.6 MPa and 21.5 GPa respectively, 4.6 times and 97.2% more than pure ramie fiber board.Finally, The structure of the hybrid ply composite material is analyzed and the finite element simulation is carried out according to the damping performance. The effects of different ply modes on the composite Law material damping properties and mechanical properties, and the resonance frequency and loss factors other hybrid composite ply predict, to provide a reference for the design of structural damping material.