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许多现代农业系统通常都以大水库作贮水和配水的主要形式。而在印度半岛正相反,主要不是靠河道供水而靠地面径流积聚形成的小水库(蓄水池),多少世纪以来一直是整个印度农业文明的标志,在其他半干旱的热带地方没有类似的设施。本文集中描述了这种能成功利用地面径流的物理特性和社会经济条件的土枝术,多少世纪以来通过时农业水资源的优化管理和使土壤流失最小化的手段开发了收集径流的潜能。今天、水库的淤积、水资源的私有化和地下水的开采造成了对这些集水系统的威胁。本文对这种公共资源正在发生的变化做了评估。
Many modern agricultural systems often use large reservoirs as the main form of water storage and distribution. On the contrary in the Indian peninsula, small reservoirs (reservoirs) formed mainly by surface runoff, not by river water supply, have been the hallmarks of the entire Indian agricultural civilization for centuries and have no similar facilities in other semi-arid tropical areas . This paper focuses on describing the physical and socioeconomic conditions that can successfully exploit surface runoff. Over the centuries, the potential to collect runoff has been developed through the optimal management of agricultural water resources and the minimization of soil erosion. Today, siltation of reservoirs, privatization of water resources and exploitation of groundwater pose a threat to these catchment systems. This article assesses the ongoing changes in this public resource.