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目的探讨细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导因子(EMMPRIN)在绒毛及胎盘组织中的表达以及表达部位。方法分别取36例妊娠6～9周妇女的早孕绒毛组织、7例因病理指征行中期引产妇女的胎盘组织和11例足月妊娠妇女的胎盘组织,免疫组化方法检测绒毛组织和胎盘组织中EMMPRIN的表达部位变化特点。结果(1)表达部位:EMMPRIN在早孕绒毛组织、中期和足月妊娠的胎盘组织中均有高度表达。在早孕绒毛组织中的表达部位主要集中在绒毛内细胞滋养细胞、合体滋养细胞及细胞滋养层柱细胞;在中期和足月妊娠的胎盘组织中,主要表达于底蜕膜的绒毛外细胞滋养细胞。(2)表达特点:在早孕绒毛组织中细胞滋养细胞、合体滋养细胞和细胞滋养层柱细胞的EMMPRIN阳性率随妊娠进展逐渐下降。在妊娠中期的胎盘组织中,细胞滋养细胞、合体滋养细胞和细胞滋养层柱细胞的EMMPRIN阳性率分别为5/7、3/7、5/7;在足月妊娠的胎盘组织中,细胞滋养细胞、合体滋养细胞和细胞滋养层柱细胞的EMMPRIN阳性率分别为73%、18%和82%。在中期和足月妊娠的底蜕膜中的EMMPRIN阳性率较弱,且趋于稳定。而早期妊娠阶段,侵入到底蜕膜的绒毛外细胞滋养细胞中EMMPRIN阳性表达则随孕周进展逐渐增强。结论EMMPRIN在妊娠早期与胚胎植入有关,在妊娠的中晚期则可能参与妊娠维持。
Objective To investigate the expression and location of extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) in villus and placenta. Methods Totally 36 cases of pregnant women aged 6 ~ 9 weeks were enrolled in the first trimester of pregnancy, 7 cases of placenta induced by midwifetal abortion and 11 cases of full-term pregnant women. Pathological changes of villi and placenta were detected by immunohistochemistry EMMPRIN in the expression of the site changes. Results (1) Expression site: EMMPRIN was highly expressed in placenta of early pregnancy villus, mid-term and term pregnancy. In the first trimester villi tissue expression sites mainly in the villus cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast cells; placental tissue in mid-term and term pregnancy, the main expression in the decidua villous cytotrophoblast . (2) Expression characteristics: EMMPRIN positive rate of cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast column cells in early villus tissue gradually decreased with the progress of pregnancy. In the second trimester placenta, the positive rates of EMMPRIN in cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast and cytotrophoblast cells were 5/7, 3/7 and 5/7, respectively. In placenta of full-term pregnancy, cytotrophoblast EMMPRIN positive rates of cells, syncytiotrophoblasts and cytotrophoblast cells were 73%, 18% and 82%, respectively. The positive rate of EMMPRIN in the decidua of mid-term and term pregnancy is weak and tends to be stable. In the early stage of pregnancy, the positive expression of EMMPRIN in the chorionic villous cytotrophoblast invading the decidua then gradually increases with gestational age. Conclusions EMMPRIN is associated with embryo implantation in early pregnancy and may be involved in the maintenance of pregnancy in the middle and late pregnancy.