按照应得是否具有坚实的基础,应得可以划分为自然的应得、行动的应得和规则的应得三种基本类型。自然的应得属于直接断言的应得,主要表达人们的道德态度和道德评价。行动的应得以主体有目的的行为为基础,涉及行为后果和个人责任的判定。行动的应得能够构成对平等主义的真正批评。规则的应得和行动的应得相互交织,但规则的应得其根据来自于“在先”的规则,表达的真实意义是资格。以有无基础为标准而划分出的应得类型可以增加概念的清晰性,有助于澄清日常语言中各种应得概念的内涵。 Depends on whether there is a solid foundation, deserve to be divided into three natural types of deserved, deserved action and rules should be three basic types. Nature deserves to be a direct affirmation, mainly to express people’s moral attitude and moral evaluation. Action should be based on the purposeful behavior of the subject, involving the consequences of conduct and the determination of individual responsibility. The deserving of action can constitute a real critic of egalitarianism. The due deeds of the rules and the deeds of the actions are intertwined, but the rules deserve their justification based on rules derived from “prior ” and the true meaning of expression is qualified. The type of entitlement, based on whether there is a basis or not, can increase the clarity of the concept and help to clarify the connotation of the concept of dueness in everyday language.