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在资本、技术、生产规模以及外部市场等为外生给定时,职工积极性的高低取决于企业在其内部对经济活动的组织,而如何组织经济活动则取决于企业在其内部所采取的微观制度安排。职工积极性供求均衡模型表明,国有企业职工积极性不高实际上是企业在其内部对“劳资”双方的产权地位、获取职工积极性的方式和职工报酬构成三个方面采取不当安排的产物。因此,为了在改革进程中同时调动职工积极性,国有企业应该在其内部对这三个方面采取新的制度安排。
When the capital, technology, production scale and external market are exogenously given, the enthusiasm of staff depends on the internal organization of economic activities, and how to organize the economic activities depends on the micro-system adopted by the enterprises arrangement. The positive model of supply and demand equilibrium shows that the lack of motivation of state-owned enterprises is actually the product of improper arrangements made by enterprises in three aspects: the status of their property rights in both the “labor and capital”, the ways in which employees receive their enthusiasm, and the remuneration of employees. Therefore, in order to mobilize the enthusiasm of staff and workers in the reform process, SOEs should adopt new institutional arrangements in these three areas.