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在冬季休眠期葡萄冬芽与枝条间存在物质与水分运输的隔离,但进入到春季萌芽期,冬芽与枝蔓间又重新恢复了物质与水分的联系。冬芽与枝蔓/新梢间是以何种方式(细胞间扩散或木质部运输)进行水分联系,以及葡萄冬芽与枝蔓间水分联系的再建立的动态过程,还未见报道。本文以八年生酿酒葡萄品种‘霞多丽’为试验材料,观察研究了葡萄萌发过程中冬芽与枝蔓间水分联系再建立的动态过程。结果表明,在新梢生长期,冬芽与新梢间存在维管束联系,但在冬芽停止生长后,未见冬芽与枝蔓/新梢通过木质部进行水分联系,尤其是在冬季休眠期,冬芽含水量低于枝蔓含水量,且冬芽水分含水量保持在40%以下。进入春季后,伴随冬芽的膨大生长,冬芽与枝蔓间通过维管束进行水分联系重新建立,但在冬芽膨大初期(第I期),只见冬芽基部与枝蔓间有维管束相连,芽轴中上部未见维管束,但基部维管束并未发挥水分运输的功能,随着芽轴的延伸生长,维管束逐渐形成,尤其是进入到芽鳞展开期(第III期)后,可以见到水分通过维管束运输至芽内,这表明冬芽与枝蔓间水分联系建立与芽膨大生长及芽内维管束逐渐发育密切相关。
During the dormant period of winter, the separation between material and water transport between winter buds and branches, but into the spring germination period, between winter buds and branches to resume the relationship between material and water. The dynamic relationship between winter buds and branches / shoots in terms of the way (intercellular diffusion or xylem transport) and the re-establishment of the dynamic relationship between winter buds and branches and shoots has not been reported yet. In this paper, the eight-year-old wine grape variety Chardonnay was used as the experimental material to observe and study the dynamic process of the water connection between the winter bud and the branch vine in the process of grape germination. The results showed that there was vascular bundle connection between winter buds and shoots during the shoot growth period but no winter buds and branches / shoots were affected by the xylem after the winter shoots stopped growing, especially during winter dormancy, winter buds water content Below the branch water content, and winter bud moisture content below 40%. After the spring, with the enlargement and growth of winter bud, the water contact between winter bud and branch vine was reestablished through vascular bundles. However, in the early stage of winter bud expansion (Phase I), there was vascular bundle between the base of winter bud and branch vine, No vascular bundle was found, but the vascular bundles at the base did not function as water transport. With the extension of the bud shaft, the vascular bundle gradually formed, especially after entering the bud scale expansion period (Phase III) The transport of vascular bundles into shoots showed that the establishment of water contact between winter buds and branches was closely related to the development of buds and the progressive development of vascular bundles in buds.