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液化石油气是从油气田或石油炼制过程中得到的一部分碳氢化合物。主要成分为C3、C4烷烃。液化石油气(LPG)是重要的燃料及化工原料,同时也是一种易燃、易爆的危险物质,在生产运输,储存和使用过程中极易发生事故。随着液化石油气在工业与民用方面的广泛应用,国内外因操作和管理不慎而发生的液化石油气火灾爆炸事故屡见不鲜。1984年11月19日,墨西哥市郊外国家石油公司液化石油气储运站发生泄漏并引发爆炸,造成650人死亡,6000人受伤。1998年3月5日,西安市煤气公司液化石油气管理所发生严重泄漏爆炸事故,共造成12人死亡,32人受伤,10万居民疏散。这些事故造成的人身伤亡及财产损失等都极为严重。因此,对液化石油气储罐及其管路的事故后果进行分析,提出相应的对策措施,对预防重大事故的发生具有重要意义。
Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is part of the hydrocarbons that are obtained from oil and gas or oil refining processes. The main components of C3, C4 alkanes. Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is an important fuel and chemical raw materials, but also a flammable, explosive hazardous substances, accidents in production, transportation, storage and use. With the widespread use of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in industrial and civil fields, liquefied petroleum gas fires and explosions at home and abroad due to inadvertent operation and management are not uncommon. On November 19, 1984, a leak and an explosion triggered the liquefied petroleum gas station of the National Petro-Chemical Company in the suburbs of Mexico City, killing 650 people and wounded 6,000. On March 5, 1998, a serious explosion and explosion of the liquefied petroleum gas management company of Xi’an Gas Company caused 12 deaths, 32 wounded and 100,000 residents to evacuate. The personal injuries and property losses caused by these accidents are all extremely serious. Therefore, analyzing the accident consequences of liquefied petroleum gas storage tanks and their pipelines and putting forward corresponding countermeasures are of great significance for preventing the occurrence of major accidents.