论文部分内容阅读
研究玉米种质的遗传关系及其杂种优势模式对玉米育种者有着极为重要的指导意义。本研究对从国际玉米小麦改良中心 (CIMMYT)引入的及国内自育成的 10个优质蛋白玉米 (QPM)黄粒优良系进行了配合力分析及杂优模式的初步研究。这 10个QPM优良系中有 5个来自CIMMYT的热带、亚热带系 ;5个为国内自育成的骨干系。通过部分双列杂交获得 45个杂交组合 ,将这些组合种植在云南省及广西自治区的三种不同生态条件下进行观察鉴定。产量的方差分析结果表明 ,品种之间、环境之间的差异达到极显著水平 ,而重复之间不显著 ;产量的一般配合力差异达极显著水平 ,而特殊配合力的差异不显著。杂交组合CML16 6×齐 2 0 5具有最高产量 (10 880kg/hm2 ) ,杂交组合长 6 31/ 0 2×中系 0 96 / 0 2具有最低产量 (5 496kg/hm2 )。自交系CML16 1产量的一般配合力效应值最高 (10 10 .5 3) ,自交系CML16 6产量的一般配合力效应值其次 (947.11) ;而自交系中系 0 96 / 0 2产量的一般配合力效应值最低(- 1119.98)。自交系CML194与忻 910 1/ 0 2具有最高的产量特殊配合力效应值 (1813.5 0 ) ,自交系CML16 6与齐 2 0 5产量的特殊配合力效应值也较高 (12 72 .0 0 ) ;而自交系忻 910 1/ 0 2与齐 2 0 5产量的特殊配合力效应值最低 (- 16 70 .96 )
Studying the genetic relationship and its heterosis pattern of maize germplasm is of great importance to maize breeders. In this study, we conducted a preliminary study on the combining ability and heterosis pattern of the fine lines derived from the QIM (Yellow Sweet Grain) introduced from CIMMYT and domestic self-made QPM. Five of the ten QPM elite lines came from tropical and subtropical CIMMYT lines and five were self-bred backbone lines. 45 hybrid combinations were obtained by partial double crosses, and these combinations were planted in three different ecological conditions in Yunnan Province and Guangxi Autonomous Region for observation and identification. Analysis of variance of yield showed that there was a significant level of difference between the varieties and the environment, but no significant difference between the two varieties. The difference of the general combining ability of the yield reached extremely significant level, but the difference of the special combining ability was not significant. The hybrid CML16 6 × Qi 20 05 had the highest yield (10 880 kg / hm2) and the crosses 631/0 2 × 0 96/0 2 had the lowest yield (5 496 kg / hm2). The inbred line CML16 1 had the highest general combining ability (10 10 .5 3) yield, and the second was (947.11) the inbred line CML16 6 yield. However, the inbred line 0 96/0 2 yield Had the lowest general combining ability (- 1119.98). Inbred lines CML194 and Xin 910 1/0 2 had the highest yield-specific combining ability (1813.5 0), and the special combining ability effects of inbred lines CML16 6 and Qi 2 0 5 were also higher (12 72.0 0). However, the special combining ability of Xin 910 1/0 2 and Qi 2 0 5 inbred lines was the lowest (-16 70.96)