论文部分内容阅读
采用影像拍摄与解析方法,获得16例国内外优秀女子运动员掷铁饼动作的运动学参数,应用函数型主成分分析、多元回归以及uncontrolled manifold方法从中识别针对掷铁饼动作4种运动任务的运动协调灵活性,进而揭示优秀掷铁饼运动员运动协调灵活性特征,实证当前的运动协调灵活性发展观,审视近来所推崇的运动变异性功能论。研究结果显示,(1)在掷铁饼动作全过程中,针对各运动任务时优秀女子运动员运动协调灵活性值均为正值,个别高达0.71;(2)在优秀女子运动员中,针对各运动任务时精英组在全过程中运动协调灵活性水平都高于普通组,个别差距高达0.5,这些差距在各运动阶段中的体现因运动任务不同而有所差异;(3)精英组较高的运动协调灵活性水平在腾空阶段中均源自其较高的功能性单位“有益”变异性,在第二单支撑或双支撑阶段中均源自其较低的功能性单位“有害”变异性。研究认为,针对掷铁饼动作重要运动任务的运动协调灵活性对优秀女子运动员该动作的实现及其水平的提升有促进作用,这主要源自对降低动作误差以及多任务最优化实现的需求。此外,当前的运动协调灵活性发展观并不完全适合于诠释优秀运动员群体体育专项技术动作中运动协调灵活性的发展表现。另外,从新视角支持运动变异性功能论,并诠释了其内涵。
The kinematics parameters of discus throwing action of 16 domestic and foreign elite female athletes were obtained by image capturing and analyzing method. The functional coordination principal component analysis, multiple regression and uncontrolled manifold method were used to identify the kinematic coordination of the four kinds of exercise tasks. Sex, and then revealed the characteristics of elite throw discus athletes coordination of flexibility to demonstrate the current development of sports coordination flexibility view, review of the recently respected motor variability theory. The results show that: (1) In the whole process of discus throwing, the values of flexibilities for elite female athletes are positive for individual sports tasks, up to 0.71; (2) Among the elite female athletes, When the elite group in the whole process of sports coordination flexibility levels are higher than the normal group, the individual gap up to 0.5, these differences in the performance of the various stages of movement due to different sports tasks; (3) the elite group of higher exercise The level of coordination flexibility is derived from its higher functional unit “beneficial ” variability during the vacancy phase, both from its lower functional unit during the second single or dual support phase “Harmful ”Variability. The research suggests that the coordination of motor coordination for the important task of discus throwing plays an important role in the realization and promotion of elite female athletes’ action, which is mainly due to the need to reduce the movement error and realize the optimization of multitask. In addition, the current concept of coordinated development of sports coordination is not entirely suitable for interpreting the development performance of sports coordination flexibility in the sports-specific technical movements of elite athletes. In addition, it supports the theory of motor variability from a new perspective and interprets its connotation.