Dear Editor,rnEnterovirus 71 (EV71) infection causes hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) in infants and children.Patients with HFMD usually have good prognosis;however,in some extreme cases the infection can be accompanied by central nervous system diseases,eventually leading to cardiorespiratory failure,and even death.Currently,EV71 has become one of the most important pathogens infecting central nervous system,after poliovirus.