【作者简介】亨利·戴维·梭罗(1817-1862),美国著名的作家、自然主义者、改革家和哲学家,著名散文集《瓦尔登湖》和论文《论公民的不服从权利》(又译为《消极抵抗》《论公民的不服从》)的作者。梭罗出生于美国马萨诸塞州的康科德城,1837年毕业于哈佛大学。梭罗除了被一些人尊称为第一个环境保护主义者外,还是一位关注人类生存状况的有影响的哲学家,深受爱默生的影响,提倡回归本心,亲近自然。 [Introduction to the Author] Henry David Thoreau (1817-1862), a famous American writer, naturalist, reformer and philosopher, famous essay collection “Walden” and thesis “On citizens’ disobedience rights” (Also translated as “passive resistance” “on the civil disobedience”) author. Thoreau was born in Concord, Massachusetts and graduated from Harvard University in 1837. In addition to being regarded as the first environmentalist by some people, Thoreau is an influential philosopher who pays attention to the living conditions of human beings. He is deeply influenced by Emerson and advocates returning to his own heart and being close to nature.