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微地震是由许多工程活动引起的,这些活动涉及到天然裂隙岩体中流体的注入和抽取。在过去15年热干岩(HDR)地热能研究中积累的证据已明确指出,激发微地震位置与流体在裂隙岩体中的流动路径之间存在强烈的正相关关系。今天微地震监测已常规地用于热于岩研究,作为圈定注水激化范围、监控裂隙储层开采中水动力过程的唯一有效手段,许多在热干岩研究中开发的技术可直接应用于油气工业,用于监控水注裂化、注水开采和油藏的衰竭。本文简单介绍引起激发微地震的水动力交互作用过程,给出来自欧洲三处热干岩试验地的实例。在那里已经证明微地震活动监测对于确定生产井位、展现注水激化进程、弄清裂隙系统的水动力特性具有极其重要的作用。
Micro-earthquakes are caused by many engineering activities that involve the injection and extraction of fluids from natural fractured rock mass. Evidence accumulated over the past 15 years in the study of geothermal energy from hot dry rock (HDR) has clearly pointed out that there is a strong positive correlation between the location of the excitation microseismic and the flow path of the fluid in the fractured rock mass. Microseismic monitoring has been routinely used in thermal-to-rock studies today as the only effective means of delineating waterflooding ranges and monitoring hydrodynamic processes in fissured-reservoir exploration. Many of the techniques developed in thermal-dry-rock research can be applied directly to the oil and gas industry , For monitoring waterflood cracking, waterflooding and reservoir depletion. This article gives a brief account of the hydrodynamic interaction that caused the microseismic excitation and gives examples from three hot and dry rock sites in Europe. There, it has been proved that the monitoring of micro-seismic activity plays an extremely important role in determining the production well location, exhibiting the process of waterflooding and clarifying the hydrodynamic characteristics of the fractured system.