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目的了解武汉市2008-2011年手足口病流行病学特征,为进一步开展防控工作提供实证依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对武汉市2008-2011年手足口病疫情报告情况进行分析。结果 2008-2011年武汉市共报告手足口病40 482例,年平均报告发病率117.91/10万,重症率0.02%,平均死亡率为0.01/10万。东西湖区年均发病率最高(169.82/10万),报告发病率最低的是汉南区,仅为44.19/10万,不同地区4年间手足口病发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。2008-2011年间,男性年均发病率为145.68/10万,女性为88.43/10万,男性发病高于女性(P<0.001)。0～2岁组发病数最多,均达到各年发病数的50%以上,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论武汉市手足口病地区、季节、年龄、性别及人群分布特征明显,低龄、男性幼儿是感染EV71后发生重症和死亡的危险因素。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of HFMD in Wuhan from 2008 to 2011 and provide evidence for further prevention and control work. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemic situation of HFMD in Wuhan from 2008 to 2011. Results A total of 40 482 hand-foot-mouth disease cases were reported in Wuhan from 2008 to 2011, with an average annual incidence of 117.91 / 100 000, a severe disease rate of 0.02% and an average mortality rate of 0.01 / 100,000. The average annual incidence rate of East Lake District was the highest (169.82 / 100000). The lowest reported incidence was in Hannan District (44.19 / 100000). The incidence of HFMD in different areas was statistically significant (P0.01) . Between 2008 and 2011, the average annual incidence of males was 145.68 / lakh and the number of females was 88.43 / lakh. The incidence of males was higher than that of females (P <0.001). The number of cases in 0-2 years group was the highest, reaching more than 50% of the incidence in each year, and the differences were statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusions The distribution characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease, seasonal, age, sex and population in Wuhan are obvious. Young children and young male children are the risk factors of severe disease and death after EV71 infection.