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尿浓缩机能障碍在临床上轻者每晚起床排尿几次,重者会使大量体液丧失以致威胁生命。尿浓度减低也常常是存在全身性疾患的第一个征象。关于尿浓缩的机理,二十多年前提出了逆流倍增学说,以后又积累了许多实验证据。近几年来,对原来的假说又作了一些重要的修改,对尿浓缩机理进一步明确。促进了临床上对某些尿浓度紊乱情况的了解。逆流倍增学说逆流倍增是一个物理概念。当水流经一U形管道(其二支互相紧靠),从管的降支下行,又经升支上行,二者方向相反(逆流),如果在管的弯曲部加热,受热的水经升支流动时又会将热能释放到降支,使降支的水加温。
Urine concentrating dysfunction in the clinical light to urinate several times a night, heavy cases will make a lot of body fluid loss and life-threatening. Decreased urinary concentrations are also often the first sign of systemic disease. On the mechanism of urine concentration, the countercurrent multiplication theory was put forward more than 20 years ago, and many experimental evidences have been accumulated since then. In recent years, some important changes have been made to the original hypothesis and the mechanism of urine concentration has been further clarified. Promote the clinical understanding of some of the urinary concentrations of disorders. Countercurrent multiplier The countercurrent multiplier is a physical concept. When the water flows through a U-shaped pipe (the two close to each other), down from the pipe down, but also by the ascending up, both in the opposite direction (countercurrent), if the pipe is heated in the bend, heated water up When the branch is flowing, it will release the heat energy to the descending branch to heat the descending branch water.