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城市环境中车辆数量的几何式增长带来了一系列的交通问题,高效的交通信号控制方法不仅能够改善交通安全和效率,而且还能减少车辆的尾气排放。由于车流的高度动态性,现有的一些方法存在获取车辆信息不准确和实现复杂等问题。本文基于VANET的V2I通信建立了一种精确探测车辆信息的双层管道模型,并基于该模型提出了一种自适应跳跃式信号控制方法。该方法依据“按需分配”的原则为各相位分配合适的绿灯通行时间,同时在车流稀疏情况下使用一种跳跃式控制,有效避免了车辆的“空等”现象,提高了绿灯时间的使用效率。利用真实的交通流,基于Veins在两种不同相位情况下进行仿真实验,结果表明本文提出的智能交通信号控制方法能够有效适应车流的高度动态性,比较明显地提高了交叉路口处的行驶质量,同时有效降低了车辆的CO2排放量。
The geometric increase in the number of vehicles in an urban environment brings with it a series of traffic problems. Efficient traffic signal control approaches not only improve traffic safety and efficiency, but also reduce vehicle exhaust emissions. Due to the high dynamic of traffic flow, some existing methods have some problems such as inaccurate vehicle information acquisition and complicated implementation. Based on VANET V2I communication, this paper establishes a double pipe model to accurately detect vehicle information and proposes a self-adaptive skip signal control method based on the model. According to the principle of “on-demand allocation”, this method allocates the appropriate green traffic time for each phase, and at the same time, uses a skip control in sparse traffic flow to effectively avoid the phenomenon of “empty” and increase the green time effectiveness. The real traffic flow is used to simulate the traffic flow based on Veins in two different phases. The results show that the intelligent traffic signal control method proposed in this paper can effectively adapt to the high dynamic of traffic flow, obviously improve the driving quality at the intersection, While effectively reducing the vehicle’s CO2 emissions.