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目的了解性激素及其受体在甲状腺疾病发病中的作用。方法用免疫组化ＡＢＣ法研究了不同甲状腺疾病时甲状腺组织中的性激素受体（ＡＲ、ＥＲ和ＰＲ）。结果在正常甲状腺组织中有少量的性激素受体表达，但阳性率不高；甲状腺癌组织中性激素受体的表达明显增加，尤其在乳头状腺癌组织中ＡＲ、ＰＲ增加更明显，不仅高于正常人也高于腺瘤和结节性甲状腺肿（Ｐ＜０．０１，０．０１，０．０５）；腺瘤和结节性甲状腺肿的ＥＲ明显高于正常人（Ｐ＜０．０１）；桥本甲状腺炎三种性激素受体的阳性率也高于正常人，但无统计学差异。结论虽然各种甲状腺疾病均多发于女性，但它们与性激素受体的关系不一样，甲状腺癌可能与雄激素及孕激素的作用增强有关，而良性甲状腺疾病与雌激素作用关系更密切
Objective To understand the role of sex hormones and their receptors in the pathogenesis of thyroid diseases. Methods The immunohistochemical ABC method was used to study the sex hormone receptors (AR, ER and PR) in thyroid tissues during different thyroid diseases. Results There was a small amount of sex hormone receptor expression in normal thyroid tissue, but the positive rate was not high. The expression of sex hormone receptor in thyroid cancer tissues was significantly increased, especially in papillary adenocarcinoma tissues, which was more obvious than AR The normal subjects were also higher than adenomas and nodular goiters (P <0.01, 0.01, 0.05). The ER of adenomas and nodular goiters were significantly higher than that of normal controls (P <0.01) ); Hashimoto’s thyroiditis three sex hormone receptor positive rate is also higher than normal, but no significant difference. Conclusions Although thyroid diseases occur frequently in women, their relationship with sex hormone receptors is different. Thyroid cancer may be related to the effect of androgen and progesterone. Benign thyroid disease is more closely related to estrogen