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马克思主义哲学立足于人的实践性阐明人的自由,认为自由是人的主体性的最充分体现。自由与必然是一对对立统一的范畴,人在不断地认识、利用必然性的过程中实现自由,同时又会进一步受必然性的制约,但总的说来,人的自由正是在这一矛盾过程中不断扩大。在对人的自由的种种限制中,历史必然性的约束最为重要,马克思主义经典作家在考察了当时资本主义社会的发展规律后,发现现实中的人之所以不自由在于自由时间和劳动时间的对立。
Based on human’s practicality, Marxist philosophy expounds the freedom of man and holds that freedom is the fullest expression of man’s subjectivity. Freedom and necessity are a category of the unity of opposites. People realize freedom in continual understanding and utilization of necessity, and at the same time, they are further constrained by necessity. However, on the whole, human freedom is exactly in the process of this contradiction In the constantly expanding. Among the restrictions on human freedom, the constraint of historical inevitability is the most important. After examining the laws governing the development of capitalist society at that time, the classic Marxist writers found that the reality that people are not free lies in the opposition between free time and working time .