正如孔子面临删定诗书的文化使命一样,苏格拉底-柏拉图也面临审定神话的任务。源远流长的神话传说对古希腊人具有重要影响,但是这些神话传说所包含的“神话神学”却给伦理世界带来了诸多悖谬,首先是其“命运说”带来的责任危机。苏格拉底努力通过确立“理性神学”来摆脱“神话神学”带来的伦理危机。但是,“理性神学”在拉开人-神距离、解开人类生活空间的同时,它的人-神关系理论又产生了新的命运说,给所要确立的“美德伦理学”带来了新的困境。虽然苏格拉底-柏拉图引入了“选择”环节,并以一种“存在论知识”或“知识存在论”作为选择活动的基础,但是这些并未能帮助他们成功地克服命运说,从而克服普遍的责任危机问题,因而也就未能为美德确立基础。 Just as Confucius was faced with the cultural mission of curtailed poetry, Socrates-Plato also faced the task of validating myths. The myths and legends that have a long history have an important influence on the ancient Greeks. However, these myths and legends contain many myths and legends, which bring about many absurdities to the ethical world. First, they are responsible crisis of responsibility. Socrates strives to get rid of the ethical crisis caused by “mythology” by establishing “rational theology.” However, “the theology of rational reason” opens up the distance between man and God and unlocks the space for human life, at the same time, its theory of human-god relationship has given rise to a new fate, giving “the ethics of virtue” to be established. Brought a new dilemma. Although Socrates-Plato introduced the “choice” link and based on a selection of “existential knowledge” or “knowledge ontology,” these did not help them successfully overcome Fate, thus overcoming the general problem of crisis of responsibility, thus failing to establish a basis for virtue.