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一、概论锆是与钛同族的化学元素,它的许多物理性质和化学性质都与钛很相似。人们之所以在技术上对锆很感兴趣,主要是由于两种性能:一是非常好的腐蚀性能,它在许多情况下甚至超过了钛的腐蚀性能;二是热中子吸收截面小。此外,它还有良好的热稳定性。锆及其合金的这些综合性能使得它至今已经以半成品的形式在核技术领域获得了应用,例如用作燃料包套材料。在化学工业中,纯锆已经越来越多地用于制造泵、配件和备件;它们能承受很高的腐蚀应力。锆铸件的主要应用领域是化学工业部门。当然.熔腊铸造的锆及其合金精密铸件在核技术中的应用亦在予料之中。
I. Introduction Zirconium is a chemical element of the same family as titanium, and many of its physical and chemical properties are very similar to those of titanium. The reason why people are technically very interested in zirconium, mainly due to two properties: First, very good corrosion performance, which in many cases even exceeded the corrosion of titanium; Second, thermal neutron absorption cross section is small. In addition, it has good thermal stability. These combined properties of zirconium and its alloys have so far led to its application in the field of nuclear technology as a semi-finished product, for example as a fuel cladding material. In the chemical industry, pure zirconium has been increasingly used in the manufacture of pumps, fittings and spare parts; they can withstand high corrosion stresses. The main area of application for zirconium castings is the chemical industry sector. Of course, the melting wax casting of zirconium and its alloy precision castings in the application of nuclear technology is also expected.