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目的探讨急性髓系白血病M5亚型(AML-M5)的临床特点,以提高对M5亚型的认识。方法回顾性分析1995年1月~2002年10月38例初发AML-M5的临床资料。结果与M2亚型相比,M5亚型的发病年龄大10岁左右,发病时肝、脾、淋巴结肿大及牙龈肿胀较多;高白细胞性急性白血病(HAL)发生率为47.4%,早期病死率是26.3%(明显高于M2亚型的14.7%和5.9%);完全缓解率61.1%,但短期内复发死亡率高,3年无病生存率仅7.7%(明显低于M2亚型的26.3%)。结论M5亚型发病年龄大,HAL发生率高,髓外浸润严重,治疗难度大,预后恶劣。
Objective To investigate the clinical features of M5 subtype (AML-M5) in acute myeloid leukemia and to improve its understanding of M5 subtypes. Methods The clinical data of 38 patients with initial AML-M5 from January 1995 to October 2002 were retrospectively analyzed. Results Compared with M2 subtypes, M5 subtypes were about 10 years old. The incidence of liver, spleen, lymph nodes and swollen gingiva were more than those of M2 subtypes. The incidence of high leucocyte acute leukemia (HAL) was 47.4% The rate was 26.3% (significantly higher than 14.7% and 5.9% of M2 subtype), and the complete remission rate was 61.1%, but the short-term recurrence mortality was high and the 3-year disease-free survival rate was only 7.7% (significantly lower than that of M2 subtype 26.3%). Conclusion The age of M5 subtype is high, the incidence of HAL is high, extramedullary infiltration is serious, the treatment is difficult and the prognosis is poor.