本文采用光学显微镜、X射线衍射、电子能谱、显微硬度等方法,对含磷10.2%的镍磷化学镀层进行了研究.结果表明:该镀层具有非晶态结构.同时存在极少量微晶,镀层结构在一定层厚范围内受基底影响;经300℃以上晶化处理以后,能在光镜下观察到磷化物.包括稳定的和亚稳的;晶化过程中这些相变化以及晶化程度是造成硬度变化的主要因素. In this paper, the electroless nickel-phosphorus coating containing 10.2% phosphorus has been studied by means of optical microscope, X-ray diffraction, electron spectroscopy, microhardness test and so on.The results show that the coating has an amorphous structure with a very small amount of micro- , The structure of the coating is affected by the substrate within a certain layer thickness. Phosphide can be observed under a light microscope after being crystallized at a temperature above 300 ° C, including stable and metastable phases. These phase changes and crystallization Degree is the main reason for the hardness changes.