电场是物理学的一个重要概念,学生普遍觉得抽象而不好捉摸,因而难以真正理解,解题时也只能是模仿例题依样画葫芦,当然也就难以形成正确的解题思路。我们认为电场虽然抽象,但是电场尤其是匀强电场有许多性质与重力场非常相似,所以,在学习和解题的过程中,要将电场与重力场加以比较,在力、能量、做功等方面寻找它们的共性,并进一步将匀强电场等效成重力场,从而真正理解电场的概念,这样才能在解题时做到得心应手。现举例说明如下: Electric field is an important concept of physics. Students generally feel abstract and unpredictable. Therefore, it is difficult to truly understand. When solving a problem, it is only necessary to simulate the example to draw a gourd. Of course, it is difficult to form a correct problem-solving idea. We believe that although the electric field is abstract, electric fields, especially homogeneous electric fields, have many properties that are very similar to the gravitational field. Therefore, in the process of learning and solving problems, we must compare the electric field with the gravitational field in terms of force, energy, work, etc. Look for their commonality and further equalize the uniform electric field into a gravitational field so as to truly understand the concept of the electric field, so as to be able to handle problems when solving problems. An example is illustrated below: