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入超的对外贸易菲律宾自从1946年7月与美国签订“美菲贸易协定”以来,它的对外贸易大部分为美国所垄断。菲律宾对美国的贸易历年来均占它对外贸易总额的75％左右。1946年的“美菲贸易协定”规定了两国间的“自由贸易”制度,即两国间货物的相互输入免纳任何关税。这个规定从形式上看来是互利的,但在实际上,正如菲律宾中央银行行长库亚德诺所说:“美菲贸易,如果双方都缴纳关税,那么美国输入菲律宾的货物应纳税三亿六千万比索(按照官价,2比索等于1美元),而菲律宾输往美国的货物,只须纳税六千万比索。”这样,由于实行“自由贸易”的结果,菲律宾政府在关税收入上每年即损失三亿比索。
Foreign trade entered the Philippines Since the signing of the “U.S.-Philippine Trade Agreement” with the United States in July 1946, most of its foreign trade has been dominated by the United States. The Philippine trade with the United States has accounted for about 75% of its total foreign trade over the years. The 1946 US-Philippine Trade Agreement lays down the “free trade” system between the two countries, that is, the mutual importation of goods between two countries is free of any tariffs. This provision is formally mutually beneficial, but in fact, as the Curator of the Philippine Central Bank, Curatorian said: “If the U.S. and Philippine trade pay taxes on both sides, then the U.S. import of goods into the Philippines should be taxed at 300 million U.S. dollars 60 million pesos (at the official price, 2 pesos equal to 1 U.S. dollar), while the Philippine goods exported to the United States have to pay only 60 million pesos. ”Thus, as a result of the“ free trade ” 300 million pesos lost each year.