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位于南海西北部海域的莺歌海盆地,由于其大地构造位置的特殊性,沉积格架和充填演化也具有非常独特的特点。盆地古近纪和新近纪上下两部分沉积特征完全不同,古近系显示出走滑盆地对称沉积的特征,受断裂控制较明显,沉积活动范围局限;新近纪基本上脱离断裂活动的控制,其沉积活动到新近纪中晚期逐渐显示出形似被动大陆边缘的沉积特征。盆地沉积中心的变迁独树一帜,主要经历了3个阶段,由西北-东南、东南-西北、西北-东南方向有规律地变化。沉积充填过程历经了由陆相到海相、多次大规模海进和海退沉积序列,形成了多套厚度较大的互层砂泥岩组合,具有良好油气远景。
The Yinggehai Basin, located in the northwestern South China Sea, has unique characteristics due to the particularity of its tectonic setting. The sedimentary characteristics of the upper and lower parts of the basin are totally different from each other. The Paleogene shows that the strike-slip basin is characterized by symmetrical sedimentation, which is controlled by the faults and has a limited range of sedimentary activities. The Neogene has been largely controlled by the fault activity, The activity gradually showed the sedimentary characteristics of the passive continental margin by the middle and late Neogene. The evolution of the sedimentary center in the basin is unique and has mainly undergone three stages, with regular changes from northwest to southeast, southeast to northwest and northwest to southeast. The sedimentary filling process has undergone a sequence of marine facies to the marine facies, many large-scale sea-going and receding sedimentary sequences, forming multiple sets of interbedded sand and mudstone assemblages with good hydrocarbon prospects.