“即兴创作(improvisation)”是民歌发生、发展的动力和手段之一。最初,南戏及其四大声腔就是当地人在他们的民间歌舞音乐基础上进行“即兴创作”的结果。皖南戏曲音乐唱腔中的“滚调”,作为一种民族的、区域的“即兴创作”,有着自己独特的历史传统和文化背景,徽州腔和青阳腔———“徽池雅调”在各自方言和音调基础上吸收了南戏四大声腔和当地的民间音乐,经过不断“加滚”即兴创作而成。皖南民间的戏曲音乐表演与祭祀仪式并存;他们在戏曲音乐表演中的“即兴创作”离不开具体的仪式生态环境。 “Improvisation” is one of the motivations and measures for the occurrence and development of folk songs. Initially, South Opera and its four voices were the result of “improvisation” by locals based on their folk song and dance music. As a kind of ethnic and regional “improvisation creation”, Wannan opera music singing has its own unique historical tradition and cultural background. The Huizhou and Qingyang cavities --- On the basis of their dialects and tones, they absorbed the four voices of the South Opera and local folk music and made improvisations through continuous “addition and removal”. Wannan folk drama music performances and rituals exist side by side; their “creative improvisation” in the musical performances of the opera can not be separated from the specific ritual ecological environment.