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基于全国514个水文站1956~2000年的年径流资料,采用线性矩比例图和线性矩-矩对比图分析了P-Ⅲ型分布、对数正态(LN)分布拟合我国多年平均年径流系列的情况,并利用强局部加权回归曲线(LOWESS)平滑散点数据进行分布函数拟合判断,表明P-Ⅲ分布对我国年径流资料适用性较好。基于此,对全国年径流统计特征和区域规律进行研究,建立了南北分区径流量(深)、流域面积、标准差、离散系数之间的经验关系,为水资源规划及合理开发利用提供了依据。
Based on the annual runoff data of 514 hydrological stations in China from 1956 to 2000, P-Ⅲ type distribution and log-normal distribution were fitted with the annual mean annual runoff Series and using the LOWESS smoothing scatter data to determine the distribution function, it shows that P-Ⅲ distribution has a good applicability to annual runoff data in China. Based on this, the statistical characteristics and regional laws of annual runoff in the whole country are studied, and the empirical relationship between runoff (deep), catchment area, standard deviation and dispersion coefficient in the north and south subareas is established, which provides the basis for water resources planning and rational development and utilization .