(一)山东大部地区在过去业已实行土地改革,基本上废除了地主阶级封建剥削的土地所有制,解放了农村生产力,提高了广大农民参军、参战及生产的热情,因而保证了解放战争的胜利。但由于当时处于紧张的战争环境,加以领导上对干部的政策教育不够,一般土地改革干部经验缺乏,以致在土地改革工作中错划了一部份人的阶级成份,较普遍地侵犯了中农利益,并在某些地区发生过破坏工商业与乱打、乱杀等严重偏向。这些偏向虽然很快得到纠正,但由于繁重的战争与支前任务及连年严重灾荒,过去土地改革中所遗留下的若干问题,迄今尚未完全解决,地权尚未正式确定,部分农民对生产发家仍有顾虑。在恢复区过去虽亦实行过土地改革,但由于在敌占期间,地主以及富农多数进行了倒算,地权极为混乱,近几年来,结合生产救灾不少地区虽已进行了反倒算与处理地权的工作,但土地情况仍较紊乱,且有部份地区地权尚未处理。至于部份新区,则大部经过了反霸、减租运动,群众已有初步发动。根据上述基本情况,我们山东地区的土地改革工作,应执行华东局指示的方针:「凡已经实行过土地改革的老解放区(如山东及苏北部分地区),基本上应保持原状;对若干尚未解决的问题,应在端正政策、加强团结的原则下个别调整解决之。其主要任务是及早确定地权,颁发土地证,进行恢复与发展生产。但对上述老解放区中的个别新区,则应按照土地改革法的统一规定实行土地改革」。争取在今冬明春全部完成老区结束土地改革的工作与部份新区实行土地改革的工作,并为明年的大生产运动打下有利的基础。 (1) In most parts of Shandong, lands reforms had been practiced in the past, land ownership by the feudal exploitation of the landlord class was basically abolished, the productive forces in the countryside were liberated, the enthusiasm of the vast number of peasants in participating in the armed forces, participating in war and production was increased, and the victory of the liberation war was guaranteed . However, due to the tense war environment at that time, insufficient leadership education on cadres’ policies and lack of experience in land reform led to the misplacing of the class composition of some people in the land reform work and the violation of interests of the middle peasants in a more general manner In some areas, there have been serious biases such as industrial and commercial destruction and indiscriminate killing. Although these tenses were quickly rectified, due to the heavy war and pre-mission and the serious famine year after year, a number of problems left over from land reform in the past have not yet been fully solved so far. As land rights have not yet been formally established yet, Have concerns. Although land reform was also practiced in the past, in the past few years, landowners and most of the rich peasants turned their backs on land during the enemy occupation. As the land rights were extremely chaotic, in recent years many areas combining production and disaster relief have been reckoned with and dealt with Right to work, but the land situation is still disorder, and some areas of land rights have not yet been processed. As for some new districts, most of them have gone through anti-hegemonism and rent-reducing campaigns, and the masses have been initially mobilized. Based on the above basic conditions, we should implement the guideline of East China Bureau of Land Reform in Shandong Province: “The old liberated areas (such as parts of Shandong and parts of northern Jiangsu) that have implemented land reform should basically maintain their status quo; The problems to be solved should be individually adjusted and resolved under the principles of improving policies and strengthening unity, whose main task is to determine land titles as early as possible, issue land certificates, and resume and develop production, but for some new districts in the old liberated areas mentioned above, Implementing Land Reform in Accordance with the Uniform Provisions of the Land Reform Law. ” Strive for the completion of the work of ending the land reform in the old areas this winter and next spring and the land reform in some new districts, laying a favorable foundation for next year’s mass production campaign.