血管生长是胚胎发育的必然生理过程，也在损伤修复、缺血、肿瘤、炎症、类风湿和糖尿病视网膜病等情况中起重要作用。血管生长首先从内皮细胞增生开始，内皮细胞的增生受许多因素的影响，在不同条件下以不同的生长方式，不同来源生长。平滑肌细胞是血管壁的重要组成成分，影响其发生的因素也很多，维持血管正常生长是由促进和抑制两种机制相互协调而共同控制的，一旦此平衡被破坏，即引起一些病理变化。 Angiogenesis is a necessary physiological process of embryonic development and plays an important role in wound repair, ischemia, tumor, inflammation, rheumatoid and diabetic retinopathy. Vascular growth starts with the proliferation of endothelial cells. The proliferation of endothelial cells is affected by many factors and grows in different growth modes and sources under different conditions. Smooth muscle cells are an important component of the vascular wall, affecting many factors that occur, to maintain normal vascular growth and inhibition by the two mechanisms co-coordinated and jointly controlled, once the balance is destroyed, which caused some pathological changes.