虽然甲型肝炎早在2,000多年以前就有“传染性黄疸”的记载,而乙型肝炎的历史却不足100年,第1次流行是在1883年。在1944年以后才认为肝炎是由病毒引起的。自从1964年 Blumberg 发现澳抗原以来,对甲乙两型肝炎的区分又重新作了规定(参见本刊1976年3期118页表1) 。近年来,在儿科临床上乙型肝炎有所增加。本文除对乙型肝炎的综合资料加以介绍外,拟对新生儿期以后的乙型肝炎作重点阐述。 Although hepatitis A has been described as “infectious jaundice” more than 2,000 years ago, hepatitis B has a history of less than 100 years and the first epidemic was in 1883. Hepatitis was caused by a virus after 1944. Since Blumberg discovered the antigens in Australia in 1964, the distinction between hepatitis B and B was reintroduced (see Table 1, page 118, 1976). In recent years, pediatric clinical hepatitis B increased. In addition to this article to introduce a comprehensive information on hepatitis B, the proposed hepatitis B after the newborn period will be highlighted.