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木头作为原材料得到广泛应用 ,但硬木粉尘 (如橡木和山毛榉粉尘 )可导致人患鼻癌。不同国家的木粉尘的职业接触极限值 (或极限值 )却不尽相同。虽然关于木粉尘的极限值的国际讨论持续已久 ,但仍缺乏更好支持其极限值推导的健康相关数据。为保护木材加工工人的身体健康以及给木粉尘的职业接触极限值的制定机构提供可靠数据和科学决策方面的建议 ,笔者针对怎样为木粉尘 ,特别是致癌木粉尘制定一个合理极限值的问题 ,在“比较”和“设定”两方面对国际范围内的木粉尘的极限值进行了研究 ,其结果表明 ,大部分国家给予软木粉尘和硬木粉尘的极限值分别为 5mg/m3 和 1mg/m3 ;提出利用剂量 -影响 -关系和“线性多阶段”方法也可以给致癌硬木粉尘建立一个健康基础极限值或者一个可接受极限值 ,其极限值应该不仅根据木材类型而且还需根据工作岗位而分别综合设定。
Wood is widely used as a raw material, but hardwood dust (such as oak and beech dust) can cause nasal cancer in people. Wood dust in different countries occupational exposure limits (or limits) are not the same. Although the international discussion of the limits on wood dust persists, there is a lack of health-related data that better support its derivation. In order to provide reliable data and scientific decision-making suggestions for the body that protects the health of wood processors and the occupational exposure limit for wood dust, the author sets out a reasonable limit for the development of wood dust, especially carcinogenic wood dust. The international limits for wood dust have been studied both in “comparisons” and “settings” and the results show that the limits given by most countries to cork dust and hardwood dust are 5 mg / m3 and 1 mg / m3, respectively ; Suggesting that a dose-impact-based relationship and a “linear multistage” approach could also establish a healthy base limit or an acceptable limit for carcinogenic hardwood dust, the limits of which should be based not only on the type of wood but also on the job type Comprehensive setting.