论文部分内容阅读
临床应用的光相干断层扫描(OCT)改变了眼科临床诊疗方法.随着新技术的进展,OCT能够获得一个真实、非侵入性眼后段“光学切片”.随着OCT图像处理软件的改进,可以分析眼后段更精致的解剖结构,如脉络膜等.最近,高清晰选择性成像处理软件通过评估所有像素数据,减少噪音和构建最佳图像,通过图像增强软件补偿眼后段到视网膜色素上皮(RPE)细胞之间降低的信号强度,从而可见脉络膜与巩膜的分界线.因此,目前应用OCT能准确测量脉络膜厚度.脉络膜厚度受诸多因素影响,如体位、年龄、眼压、眼轴长度、屈光不正和收缩压等.脉络膜是眼部血液供给的重要组成部分,在诸多视网膜疾病的病理生理过程中起重要作用,如糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)、近视性黄斑病变、年龄相关性黄斑变性(AMD)、视网膜色素变性、正常眼压性青光眼(NTG)、高度近视、特发性黄斑裂孔等疾病中脉络膜变薄;中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变(CSC)、息肉状脉络膜血管病变(PCV)、Vogt-小柳原田病(VKH)、开角型及闭角型青光眼、视网膜中央静脉阻塞(CRVO)、多发性一过性白点综合征等疾病中脉络膜增厚.本文就脉络膜厚度自身特点、脉络膜厚度的影响因素以及眼科疾病中脉络膜厚度变化进行综述.“,”The introduction of optical coherence tomography (OCT) into clinical practice has changed methods of the ophthalmic clinical diagnosis and treatment.With the progression of new technology,OCT has obtained a true,non-invasive optical biopsy of the posterior segment.With advancements in OCT image processing software,more refined details of the posterior segment can be analysed,such as choroid.Recently,high-definition selective imaging processing software can reduce noise and construct the best possible image by evaluating all the pixel data.And decreased signal strength posterior to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is compensated by this image enhancement software,which enables visualization of the border between choroidal tissue and sclera.Thus,choroidal thickness can be accurately measured by OCT.Choroidal thickness is affected by many factors,such as body position,age,intraocular pressure,ocular axial length,refractive error,systolic blood pressure,etc.The choroid is an important part of blood supply in the eyes,which plays a vital role in the pathophysiology of many diseases affecting the retina.Choroid is significantly correlated with many ophthalmic diseases,for example,ophthalmic diseases including diabetic retinopathy (DR),myopic maculopathy,age-related macular degeneration (AMD),retinitis pigmentosa,normal tension glaucoma (NTG),high myopia,idiopathic macular hole may cause thinning of the choroid;ophthalmic diseases including central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC),polypoid choroid vasculopathy (PCV),Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKH),open angle glaucoma (OAG),angle-closure glaucoma (ACG),central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO),multiple evanescent white dot syndrome may cause thickening of choroid.This article reviews the characteristics of choroid thickness,the influencing factors of choroidal thickness and the changes of choroid thickness in ophthalmic diseases.