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目的分析核酸检测与酶免检测在血液标本安全性检测中的应用误区。方法选取2015年1月1日-2016年1月1日在该血站检验的无偿献血者标本39 236例,将每份血液样本留取于NAT与ELISA样管,对其进行不同手段的检测,对比2种检测手段的阳性检出率及其联合检出率。结果调查研究结果显示,NAT阳性率为0.56%(220/39 236),ELISA阳性率为0.51%(199/39 236),ELISA、NAT阳性率0.40%(157/39 236),NAT阳性ELISA阴性占0.16%(63/39 236),其中1例HCV-RNA患者和27例HBV-DNA患者被鉴别出来;ELISA阳性、NAT阴性率为0.11%(42/39 236),NAT阳性与ELISA双试剂检测阳性符合率为78.90%,NAT阳性与抗-HIV双试剂阳性、抗-HCV、HBs Ag符合率分别为100.00%(20/20),65.96%(31/47),83.00%(106/132)。结论为保证血液安全,必须加强酶免检测与血液核酸检测的互补。
Objective To analyze the misunderstanding of nucleic acid detection and enzyme immunoassay in the detection of the safety of blood samples. Methods A total of 39 236 unrelated blood donors were enrolled in this bloodstain from January 1, 2015 to January 1, 2016. Each blood sample was collected from NAT and ELISA tubes and detected by different means , Comparing the positive detection rate of two detection methods and their combined detection rate. Results The positive rate of NAT was 0.56% (220/39 236), the positive rate of ELISA was 0.51% (199/39 236). The positive rate of ELISA and NAT was 0.40% (157/39 236) Accounting for 0.16% (63/39 236). One case of HCV-RNA and 27 cases of HBV-DNA were identified. The positive rate of ELISA was 0.11% (42/39 236) The positive coincidence rate was 78.90%. The coincidence rates of NAT positive and anti-HIV double positive were 100.00% (20/20), 65.96% (31/47), 83.00% (106/132) ). Conclusion In order to ensure the blood safety, we must strengthen the enzyme-free detection and blood nucleic acid detection complementarity.