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为了探索电离辐射对小鼠免疫系统的影响,本实验将健康的C57BL/6J小鼠随机分成正常组和8Gy照射组,建立急性辐射损伤模型。照射后观察小鼠的生存曲线,并在不同时间点取小鼠的股骨、外周血、胸腺和脾组织,检测脾和胸腺的脏器系数和病理改变,同时通过流式细胞技术分析照后骨髓中造血干细胞和白细胞的数目,外周血中血细胞数目和血清中GM-CSF和TNF-α的浓度。结果显示,照后3.5d骨髓中造血干细胞和白细胞明显减少(P<0.05),照后外周血中的白细胞和血小板数急剧减少(P<0.05),脾和胸腺中免疫细胞及其亚群的辐射敏感性呈现明显的差异:淋巴细胞>单核细胞,B淋巴细胞>T细胞>NK细胞,CD4+T细胞>CD8+T细胞以及DC(树突状细胞)>M(巨噬细胞)。上述结果表明,电离辐射除了对骨髓损伤以外,免疫器官和免疫细胞对辐射也极为敏感。免疫细胞亚群对辐射敏感性不同,可能是辐射所致免疫功能紊乱及相关病理损伤的主要因素。
In order to explore the impact of ionizing radiation on the immune system in mice, healthy C57BL / 6J mice were randomly divided into normal group and 8Gy irradiation group to establish acute radiation injury model. The survival curves of the mice were observed after irradiation. The femurs, peripheral blood, thymus and spleen tissues of mice were taken at different time points. The organ coefficients of the spleen and thymus and pathological changes were detected. Meanwhile, the bone marrow The number of hematopoietic stem and leukocytes, the number of blood cells in the peripheral blood, and the concentrations of GM-CSF and TNF-α in the serum. The results showed that the number of hematopoietic stem cells and white blood cells in the bone marrow decreased significantly on the 3.5th day after irradiation (P <0.05), and the number of leukocytes and platelets in the peripheral blood decreased sharply after irradiation (P <0.05). The numbers of immune cells and their subpopulations in the spleen and thymus Radiation sensitivity showed significant differences: lymphocyte> monocyte, B lymphocyte> T cell> NK cell, CD4 + T cell> CD8 + T cell and DC (dendritic cell)> M (macrophage) . The above results show that, in addition to bone marrow damage, ionizing radiation is also extremely sensitive to radiation by immune organs and immune cells. Immune cell subsets differ in their sensitivity to radiation and may be a major factor in immune-induced immune dysfunction and related pathological lesions.