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以‘津优3号’黄瓜(Cucumis sativus)为研究对象,采用完全随机区组设计,研究了交替滴灌、分根滴灌和对照3种滴灌方式对日光温室黄瓜光合作用及抗氧化酶活性的影响,结果表明:(1)交替滴灌可以显著降低黄瓜的株高和叶面积,显著提高黄瓜根系的活力,但黄瓜产量并未显著降低。(2)与对照相比,虽然交替滴灌下黄瓜叶片的叶绿素含量显著下降,但叶绿素a/b值没有差异,交替滴灌黄瓜叶片的净光合速率(P_n)、气孔导度(G_s)、胞间CO_2浓度(C_i)和蒸腾速率(T_r)均显著低于对照,但显著高于分根滴灌;与对照相比,交替滴灌和分根滴灌下黄瓜叶片中光系统II(PSII)非光化学淬灭(NPQ)上升显著。(3)交替滴灌显著提高黄瓜叶片的可溶性蛋白含量,丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于分根滴灌,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著高于对照。综上诉述,交替滴灌能有效抑制黄瓜植株冗余生长,提高黄瓜根系活力,降低蒸腾耗水。交替滴灌通过提高黄瓜叶片可溶性蛋白含量和抗氧化酶活性、降低MDA含量来减轻膜脂过氧化作用,是其节水耐旱的重要机理之一。交替滴灌可作为日光温室黄瓜节水高效栽培的灌溉模式。
Taking Cucumis sativus as the research object, we studied the effects of three kinds of drip irrigation methods of alternating drip irrigation, root-split irrigation and control on the photosynthesis and antioxidant enzyme activity of cucumber in sunlight greenhouse using a completely randomized block design The results showed that: (1) Alternating drip irrigation could significantly reduce the plant height and leaf area of cucumber and significantly increase the vigor of cucumber roots, but the yield of cucumber did not decrease significantly. (2) Compared with the control, although the chlorophyll content of cucumber leaves decreased significantly under alternate drip irrigation, the chlorophyll a / b value had no difference. The net photosynthetic rate (P_n), stomatal conductance (G_s) (C_i) and transpiration rate (T_r) were significantly lower than those of the control, but significantly higher than that of the rooting. Compared with the control, photosystem II (PSII) non-photochemical quenching (NPQ) increased significantly. (3) Alternate drip irrigation significantly increased the soluble protein content of cucumber leaves, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in cucumber leaves was significantly lower than that in root-shoot, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase CAT activity was significantly higher than the control. In summary, alternate drip irrigation can effectively inhibit the redundant growth of cucumber plants, improve cucumber root activity, reduce transpiration water consumption. Alternating drip irrigation is one of the important mechanisms of water-saving and drought-resistance by increasing soluble protein content and antioxidant enzyme activity of cucumber leaves and decreasing MDA content to reduce membrane lipid peroxidation. Alternate drip irrigation can be used as a greenhouse irrigation cucumber efficient water-saving cultivation mode.