论文部分内容阅读
This research investigated the articulatory and acoustic cues of the emotional vowels from production/coding perspectives Chinese and Japanese emotional speech and EMA data were recorded.The acoustic and articulatory spaces of isolated vowels across different emotions were analyzed to understand the coding scheme in cross-cultural emotion production.The results suggest that,on the one hand,those two languages share some common features:(1) Significant differences of the acoustic space exist across emotions;(2) “Sad” and “Angry” vowels raise tongue position higher than other emotions;(3)The lip’s protrusion feature is shared by both “Angry” and “Sad” emotions,except[a]or[A].We suggested that the exception is caused by the increase of the mouth opening.The mouth opening and the degree of lip protrusion are a pair of complementary features.On the other hand,differences also exist between those two languages;(l)In Chinese,the acoustic space moves downwards with the increasing of emotion intensity;in Japanese,however, “Angry” is characterized by a horizontally compressed acoustic space,and “Sad” by a vertically compressed acoustic space.(2)In Chinese,emotional factors only cause tongue raising movement;in Japanese,emotional factors cause both tongue raising and significant tongue retraction,which can be enhanced by “Angry” and “Sad” emotions.
This research investigated the articulatory and acoustic cues of the emotional vowels from production / coding perspectives Chinese and Japanese emotional speech and EMA data were recorded. The acoustic and articulatory spaces of isolated vowels across different emotions were analyzed to understand the coding scheme in cross-cultural emotion production.The results suggest that, on the one hand, those two languages share some common features: (1) Significant differences of the acoustic space exist across emotions; (2) “Sad ” and “Angry ” vowels raise tongue position higher than other emotions; (3) The lip’s protrusion feature is shared by both “Angry ” and “Sad ” emotions, except [a] or [A] .We suggested that the exception is caused by the increase of the mouth opening. the mouth opening and the degree of lip protrusion are a pair of complementary features. On the other hand, differences also exist between those two languages; (l) In Chinese, the acoustic space moves downwards with the increasing of em otion intensity; in Japanese, however, “Angry” is characterized by a horizontally compressed acoustic space, and “Sad ” by a vertically compressed acoustic space. (2) In Chinese, emotional factors only cause tongue raising movement; in Japanese, emotional factors cause both tongue raising and significant tongue retraction, which can be enhanced by “Angry ” and “Sad ” emotions.