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当前露天开采的特点是:采掘量越来越大,开采深度越来越深,经济合理的深度已超过了500米。由于剥离量的急趋增加,从而带来一系列的问题,如废石的运输和推置,排土场的占地和边坡稳定性,以及环境保护等等。其复杂性远远超过对矿石的处理。因此,无论是目前,还是将来,露天开采技术的首要问题应是废石的剥离和排弃,其次才是有用矿物的开采。
The current open-pit mining is characterized by: increasing the amount of mining, mining deeper and deeper, more than 500 meters depth of economic rationality. Due to the rapid increase in the amount of stripping, a series of problems are brought about, such as the transportation and disposal of waste rock, the land occupation and slope stability of the dump, and environmental protection. Its complexity far exceeds that of ore. Therefore, no matter at present or in the future, the primary problem of open-pit mining technology should be the stripping and abandonment of waste rock and the second is the exploitation of useful minerals.