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目的：探讨慢性萎缩性胃炎中医证候与分子生物学的相互关系。方法：将123例慢性萎缩性胃炎患者，按照中医证候分布将患者分为气阴两亏证（45例）、脾肾阳虚证（38例）、气虚血瘀证（40例），选择同时期45例正常健康人群胃黏膜组织标本作为对照组，采用免疫组织化学法测定患者胃黏膜组织样本和血清中EGF含量及EGFRmRNA的表达量，探讨中医证候与分子生物学表达的关系。结果：对照组与其他3组中医证候组比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；气阴两亏组患者胃黏膜组织样本血清中EGF含量和EGFRmRNA水平的表达下调，其下调指数与脾肾阳虚证组、气虚血瘀证组比较，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论：慢性萎缩性胃炎基本病因病机以气阴两亏为主，通过测定血清EGF含量及EGFRmRNA表达量可以判定慢性萎缩性胃炎中医不同证候，因此通过分子生物学基因表达可以进一步判定不同中医证候。“,”Objective: To explore the relationship of syndromes and molecular biology theory in atrophic gastritis. Methods:The 123 patients with atrophic gastritis were identified as the qi and Yin deficient syndrome (45 cases), the spleen kidney Yang deficiency syndrome (38 cases) and the deficiency of blood stasis syndrome (40 cases) according to the distribution of syndromes. And 45 cases of normal healthy specimens of gastric mucosa tissues the same period were chosen as the control group. The gastric mucosa tissue samples and serum EGF content and expression of EGFR mRNA amount were determinate by the immune histochemical method and the relationship between the syndrome of TCM and molecular biology expression was investigated. Results: The serum EGF and EGFR and RNA were all with expression in the control group. Expression increased with the age of disease progression, and comparing with the other three syndromes group, there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The expression of gastric mucosa tissue samples and EGFR mRNA level EGF content in serum in the Qi and Yin group was decreased, and the decreasing index showed obvious differences (P<0.05), compared with spleen kidney Yang deficiency syndrome and Qi deficiency blood stasis group. Conclusion: The atrophic gastritis basic pathogenesis is based on the Qi and Yin deficiency. The determination of the serum EGF levels and EGFR mRNA expression can determine different syndromes of atrophic gastritis, and molecular biology gene expression can further determine different syndromes.