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研究高功率密度 CO2 激光焊接过程中光致等离子体对入射激光的吸收以及侧吹辅助气体对等离子体控制的影响。采用准基模 CO2 激光束在 1 Cr1 8Ni9Ti不锈钢表面进行扫描焊缝 ,通过光谱检测装置检测等离子体辐射谱线强度 ,从而计算等离子体对激光的吸收系数 ;采用侧吹喷嘴分别通CO2 、N2 、Ar、He4种气体压缩等离子体。研究结果表明 ,光致等离子体对入射激光能量的吸收损失高达 2 0 % ;随着侧吹辅助气体流量的增加 ,焊缝呈现3个区间 :当气体压力低于金属蒸汽压力时 ,焊缝为“酒杯”状 ,深宽比很小 ;当辅助气体操作压力稍高于金属蒸汽压力 ,等离子体可被有效控制从而获得最佳焊缝。
To study the effect of photo-plasma on incident laser absorption and side-blown auxiliary gas on plasma control during high-power density CO2 laser welding. The quasi-fundamental CO2 laser beam was used to scan the surface of 1 Cr1 8Ni9Ti stainless steel. The spectral intensity of the plasma was detected by the spectroscopic detection device to calculate the absorption coefficient of the laser on the plasma. Ar, He4 kinds of gas compression plasma. The results show that the absorption loss of the incident laser energy by photopheresis is as high as 20%. With the increase of the flow rate of the side-blown auxiliary gas, the weld presents three sections: when the gas pressure is lower than the metal vapor pressure, the weld is “Wine glass” shape, the aspect ratio is small; when the auxiliary gas operating pressure slightly higher than the metal vapor pressure, the plasma can be effectively controlled to obtain the best weld.