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排污权初始分配是进行排污权市场交易的前提和基础,为排污权交易的有效进行提供保障。文章以广州市为区域研究单位,在现有排污权初始分配的理论和实践基础上,展开排污权初始分配研究。基于企业的发展规模、企业对社会的贡献性、企业对环境的污染现状以及企业运用技术治理环境的投入这4方面的因素,构建了二氧化硫初始排污权分配的评价指标体系,从而建立二氧化硫初始排污权分配的AHP层次分配模型。并以广州市火电行业为例,引入排污数据,具体研究了广州市火电行业的初始排污权分配方案,根据各指标的权重赋值,在最终得到的分配结果中,发电量多少、脱硫设施效率和二氧化硫去除率获得的权重最大,在分配中是主要考虑的指标。从分配结果看,各企业获得的排污权分配量较合理。此方法具有一定的实用性,为政府构建排污权交易市场,进行排污权初始分配提供有效方法。
The initial allocation of emission rights is the precondition and basis for the trading of emission rights in the market, so as to guarantee the effective conduct of emissions trading. Based on the theory and practice of the initial allocation of emission rights in Guangzhou, the article takes Guangzhou as the research unit and launches the research on the initial allocation of emission rights. Based on the scale of development of the enterprise, the contribution of the enterprise to the society, the current situation of the enterprise’s pollution to the environment and the investment made by the enterprise in utilizing the technology to control the environment, an evaluation index system of the initial emission rights allocation of sulfur dioxide is established so as to establish the initial emission of sulfur dioxide AHP AHP Allocation Model. Taking the thermal power industry in Guangzhou as an example, this paper introduces the data of sewage disposal, and studies the initial allocation of emission rights in the thermal power industry in Guangzhou. According to the weight assignment of each index, among the final allocation results, the amount of power generation, Sulfur dioxide removal rate to obtain the most weight, in the distribution is the main consideration of indicators. Judging from the distribution results, the allocation of emission rights obtained by all enterprises is reasonable. This method has a certain practicality for the government to build emissions trading market for the initial allocation of emissions rights provide an effective method.