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慢性乙肝是一种由HBV介导的以肝脏局部多种炎性细胞浸润的慢性感染性疾病。HBV侵入机体后能否形成慢性感染与病毒是否变异、宿主抗病毒免疫应答强弱等因素密切相关。免疫耐受、Th1/Th2失衡、HBV肝外PBMC感染等是导致乙肝持续感染迁延难愈的重要原因。机体对在清除侵入的病毒时,可对受感染的肝细胞产生一定程度损伤,如CTL通过分泌穿孔素和表达Fasl等途径诱导靶细胞凋亡;肝脏中嗜中性粒细胞和单核巨噬细胞通过产生反应氧(ROS)、一氧化氮(NO)反应氮等中间产物,介导损伤受感染的肝细胞,在局部形成以单核/巨噬细胞浸润为主炎性损伤和炎性反应。
Chronic hepatitis B is a chronic, infectious disease mediated by HBV that is infiltrated by multiple inflammatory cells in the liver. HBV invade the body can form a chronic infection and whether the virus mutation, the host anti-viral immune response and other factors are closely related. Immune tolerance, Th1 / Th2 imbalance, HBV extrahepatic PBMC infection is the leading cause of persistent hepatitis B persistent refractory. The body of the removal of invasive viruses, can have a certain degree of damage to infected liver cells, such as CTL by inducing perforin secretion and the expression of Fasl and other pathways to induce apoptosis; liver neutrophils and mononuclear macrophages Cells through the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) reaction of nitrogen and other intermediates, mediated damage to infected hepatocytes, the formation of local monocyte / macrophage infiltration for the main inflammatory injury and inflammatory response .