《儒林外史》在中国乃至世界文坛上影响深远,是中国古代讽刺小说中的巅峰之作。作者善用冷静客观的叙述,描摹人物自相矛盾的言行,以达到讽刺效果,正如鲁迅所言“无一贬词,而情伪毕露,诚微词之妙选,亦狙击之辣手矣”。如第四回中,范进中举后,他的母亲“欢喜”死了。在居丧期间,他去拜访汤知县。席上摆的是燕窝、鸡、鸭、柔鱼、苦瓜,餐具是银镶杯箸。范进退前缩后不肯用银镶杯箸,汤知县忙换了磁杯和象箸,范进还不肯用,随即又换了一双白色的竹筷,这才用了。汤知县担心范进“居丧如此尽礼,倘或不用荤酒, ”The Scholars“ have a far-reaching impact on the literary world in China and even in the world. It is the pinnacle in ancient Chinese satirical novels. The author makes good use of calm and objective narration to describe the contradictory words and deeds of characters in order to achieve the satirical effect. As Lu Xun said, ”no derogatory term, . As the fourth time back, Fan Jin cite, his mother “joy ” died. During his bereavement, he visited Tangzhi County. I put the bird’s nest, chicken, duck, squid, bitter gourd, tableware is silver-plated cup 箸. Fan Jin retreated before refusing to use silver inlay cup 箸, Tang Zhixian busy for the magnetic cup and icon 箸, Fan Jin refused to use, and then changed a pair of white bamboo chopsticks, which used. Tangzhi worry about Fan Jin "mourning funeral ceremony, if or without meat wine,