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为探索三黄(黄芪、黄芩、大黄,简称三黄)等中草药在凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)饲料中的应用效果,分别在基础饲料(对照组)中添加1.0%三黄、2.0%三黄、2.0%杜仲三黄(1%杜仲+1%三黄)、2.0%复方一(主要成分为黄芪、霪羊藿、党参、大黄、黄芩等)和2.0%复方二(主要成分为黄芪、杜仲、金银花、白术、黄芩等),饲喂平均体质量为(7.5±0.2)g的凡纳滨对虾42 d,共6个处理组,每个处理组设置4个平行。结果表明:各处理组存活率均在96.3%以上,且无显著差异(P>0.05);2.0%杜仲三黄组(145.3%)、1.0%三黄组(143.8%)增重率均较对照组(124.5%)显著提高,饲料系数显著降低(P<0.05);与对照组相比,各中草药添加组血淋巴非特性异免疫指标在不同程度上有所改善,其中2.0%杜仲三黄组的血淋巴ALP、PO活力显著提高(P<0.05);在溶藻弧菌(Vibrio alginolyticus)的攻毒实验中,1.0%三黄组的死亡率较对照组显著降低(P<0.05);2.0%杜仲三黄组肌肉胶原蛋白含量最高(0.30%),较对照组提高42.86%(P<0.05)。上述结果表明,饲料中添加2.0%杜仲三黄、1.0%三黄,可提高凡纳滨对虾增重率,降低饲料系数,其中1.0%三黄可提高虾体抗溶藻弧菌感染的能力,添加2.0%杜仲三黄,可增加虾体肌肉胶原蛋白含量。
In order to explore the application effects of traditional Chinese herbs such as Sanhuang (Astragalus, Scutellariae, Rhubarb, Sanhuang) in feed of Litopenaeus vannamei, 1.0% Sanhuang, 2.0% Tris Yellow, 2.0% Eucommia three yellow (1% Eucommia + 1% three yellow), 2.0% a compound (the main components of astragalus, epimedium, dangshen, rhubarb, baicalin, etc.) and 2.0% Eucommia ulmoides, Honeysuckle, Atractylodes macrocephala, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgin, etc.) were fed with 42.5 days of P. vannamei with an average body weight of (7.5 ± 0.2) g, with a total of 6 treatment groups. The results showed that the survival rates of all treatment groups were above 96.3%, with no significant difference (P> 0.05). The weight gain rate of 2.0% Eucommia Sanhuang group (145.3%) and 1.0% Sanhuang group (143.8% (124.5%) significantly increased feed conversion (P <0.05). Compared with the control group, the non-specific hemolymph immune indicators of different groups of Chinese herbal medicine improved to varying degrees, of which 2.0% Eucommia Sanhuang group (P <0.05). In Vibrio alginolyticus, the mortality of 1.0% Sanhuang group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P <0.05); 2.0 % Eucommia yellow muscle collagen content of the highest (0.30%), compared with the control group increased 42.86% (P <0.05). The above results showed that 2.0% Eucommia ulmoides and 1.0% Sanhuang could increase the weight gain of Litopenaeus vannamei and feed coefficient, and 1.0% Sanhuang increased the ability of anti-Algae-Vibrio infection in shrimp, Add 2.0% Eucommia yellow, can increase shrimp muscle collagen content.