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对激光器进行频率调制,检测原子分子饱和吸收信号中的一次谐波成分得到频率误差信号,反馈控制可以实现激光频率的稳定。介绍了取样积分提收一次谐波信号的原理和利用单片机实现的取样积分和数字比例积分微分(PID)控制的技术。相对于传统的锁相放大和模拟PID技术,取样积分和数字PID结构简单,可靠性高,调试方便,实现难度大大降低。建立的Cs原子饱和吸收外腔半导体激光(ECDL)稳频系统,估算相对频率波动优于1.2×10-9(p-p),平均锁定时间可达7天,并实现了自动扫描饱和吸收峰、自动锁定和意外失锁的自动重新锁定功能。
The laser frequency modulation, detection of atomic molecular saturation of the first harmonic component of the absorption signal to obtain the frequency error signal, the feedback control can be achieved laser frequency stability. This paper introduces the principle of sampling integral to recover the first harmonic signal and the technology of sampling integral and digital proportional integral derivative (PID) control realized by singlechip. Compared with the traditional lock-in amplification and analog PID technology, sampling integral and digital PID structure is simple, high reliability, easy debugging, greatly reducing the difficulty. The Cs atomic saturation absorption ECDL frequency stabilization system was established. The relative frequency fluctuation was better than 1.2 × 10-9 (pp), the average lock time was up to 7 days and the auto-scan saturation absorption peak was achieved. Automatic lockout and automatic unlocking of lost locks.