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毒死蜱是中国目前使用最广泛、使用量最大的有机磷农药;毒死蜱具有环境持久性和生物蓄积性,它能通过人们的饮水、食物、住所、甚至呼吸的空气进人体内,分布于血液、唾液,作用于神经、免疫、生殖、内分泌等器官系统,甚至影响胎儿的生长发育;除了能导致胆碱能毒性作用的急性中毒症状外,还可能会引起DNA损伤、基因突变、染色体畸变等遗传毒性;诱导细胞癌变,增加肺癌、白血病等癌症的发病风险;干扰免疫系统;并引起性激素、甲状腺素等内分泌激素水平改变;影响配子功能,干扰胚胎形成与发育,从而导致一系列出生缺陷与疾病;最重要的是,脑发育早期毒死蜱暴露还可能会对神经系统结构与功能都造成长远的影响,甚至可能导致神经系统退行性疾病的发病风险增加;所以减少毒死蜱的使用与暴露对于维护人类的健康有着非常重大的意义。
Chlorpyrifos is currently the most widely used and most widely used organophosphorus pesticide in China. Chlorpyrifos has environmental persistence and bioaccumulation. It can enter the body through people’s drinking water, food, shelter and even the air to breathe. It is distributed in blood and saliva , Acting on the nervous, immune, reproductive, endocrine and other organ systems, and even affect the growth and development of the fetus; in addition to the symptoms of acute poisoning can cause cholinergic toxicity, but also may cause DNA damage, genetic mutations, chromosomal aberrations and other genotoxicity ; Inducing cell carcinogenesis, increasing the risk of cancer such as lung cancer and leukemia; interfering with the immune system; causing changes in the levels of endocrine hormones such as sex hormones and thyroxine; affecting gametogenesis and interfering with embryogenesis and development, resulting in a series of birth defects and diseases; Most importantly, exposure to chlorpyrifos early in brain development may also have long-term effects on the structure and function of the nervous system and may even lead to an increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases; therefore, reducing the use and exposure of chlorpyrifos to the protection of human health Has a very significant meaning.