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在探讨环境镉暴露与肿瘤的关系的研究中,对994名随机选取的研究对象进行24h尿镉和庭院土壤中镉含量测定,并对研究起始至2004年6月30日肿瘤的发病情况进行监测。用Cox回归计算内部与外部镉暴露的危险比。结果发现,土壤中镉含量为0.8～17.0mg/kg。研究起始高暴露区尿镉排泄量高于低暴露区排泄量,有统计学意义。随访期间共发生50例恶性肿瘤和20例良性肿瘤,其中,肺部肿瘤分别为恶性18例、良性1例。全癌症危险度与2倍24h镉排泄量显著相关。高暴露区肺癌人群归因危险度百分比为67%。2倍24h尿镉排泄量、高暴露区相对低暴露区、土壤中2倍镉浓度的肺癌调整危险比分别为1.70、4.17、1.57。可见,非铁冶炼厂镉污染仍是一个严重的健康问题,急需采取有针对性的防护措施。
In the study of the relationship between environmental cadmium exposure and tumor, 994 randomly selected subjects were assayed for 24 h urinary cadmium and cadmium in the soil of the courtyard, and the incidence of the tumor from the study until June 30, 2004 monitor. Cox regression was used to calculate the hazard ratio of exposure to cadmium inside and outside. The results showed that the soil cadmium content of 0.8 ~ 17.0mg / kg. The urinary cadmium excretion in the study area with high initial exposure was higher than that in the low exposure area with statistical significance. During follow-up, 50 cases of malignant tumors and 20 cases of benign tumors occurred. Among them, 18 cases were malignant and 1 was benign. Total cancer risk was significantly correlated with 2-fold 24h cadmium excretion. The proportion of at-risk attributable to lung cancer in high-exposure areas was 67%. 2 times the urinary excretion of 24 h urinary excretion of cadmium, the relatively low exposure of high exposed areas, 2 times the concentration of cadmium in the lung cancer adjusted hazard ratio was 1.70,4.17,1.57. Visible, non-ferrous smelter cadmium pollution is still a serious health problem, the urgent need to take targeted protective measures.