政府采购作为一项主要的需求侧政策工具,在各国创新战略中的作用正日渐凸显。然而,政策实践中的含混使用,不仅会降低政策措施间的激励相容,也容易误导不同国家间的政策学习。本文通过对创新政策理论的梳理,分别在新古典学派、创新系统理论、演化经济学三个理论脉络中分析了政府采购的政策原理,进而归纳政府采购鼓励创新的三种政策模式,即补贴型采购、学习型采购和战略型采购,为此轮政策探索提供分析框架。 As a major demand-side policy tool, government procurement is becoming increasingly prominent in innovation strategies in various countries. However, the ambiguous use of policy practice will not only reduce the incentive compatibility between policy measures but also mislead the policy learning among different countries. Through combing the theory of innovation policy, this paper analyzes the policy principles of government procurement in the three theoretical contexts of neoclassical school, innovation system theory and evolutionary economics, and then induces three policy models of government procurement encouraging innovation, that is, subsidy Purchasing, Learning Purchasing and Strategic Purchasing provide an analytical framework for this round of policy exploration.