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澳大利亚是古老的大陆之一,位于南半球,在太平洋和印度洋之间。土地面积为768万平方公里,其中沙漠占35％,因受热带高气压及东南信风的控制和影响,气候十分干燥。全国共分六个洲,其中南澳大利亚洲是最南部的一个洲,也是最干燥的一个洲,全洲面积为89.4万平方公里,年降雨量平均为250毫米。根据雨量多少全洲分为三类地区:一是北部无灌溉的干旱内陆畜牧区,年降雨量为150—250毫米,面积占全洲的83％。二是中部中雨量地区,年降雨量为250—350毫米,可种植谷类作物兼行畜牧业。
Australia is one of the oldest continents in the southern hemisphere, between the Pacific and the Indian Ocean. Land area of 7.68 million square kilometers, of which 35% of the desert, due to the tropical high pressure and the South East wind control and influence, the climate is very dry. The country is divided into six continents, of which South Australia is the southernmost continent, is also the driest continent, the continents area of 894000 square kilometers, the average annual rainfall of 250 mm. According to the amount of rainfall, the whole country is divided into three types: one is an irrigated arid inland livestock raising area in the north, with an annual rainfall of 150-250 mm and an area accounting for 83% of the entire continent. Second, the central rainfall in the area, the annual rainfall of 250-350 mm, grain farming can be compatible with animal husbandry.